Creative Commons Licenses (CC)
Creative Commons (CC) licenses provide a standardized legal framework that allows authors to define how their work may be used, shared, and reused by others under copyright law. The presence of a Creative Commons license clearly informs readers and reusers what they are permitted to do with a published work.
Creative Commons offers several license options, ranging from more restrictive to more permissive. These licenses differ in terms of whether commercial use is allowed, whether adaptations are permitted, and whether derivative works must be shared under the same terms.
Choice of License for This Journal
To maximize the visibility, accessibility, and reuse of published research, this journal publishes all articles under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
This license has been selected because it provides the greatest benefit to authors and the research community, while fully supporting open science principles.
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
All articles published in this journal are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
Canonical license URL:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Under the CC BY 4.0 license, users are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
- Use the material for any purpose, including commercial use
These freedoms cannot be revoked, provided that the terms of the license are respected.
License Terms
The CC BY 4.0 license requires that:
- Appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and source;
- A link to the license is provided;
- Any changes made to the original work are clearly indicated;
- No additional legal or technological restrictions are applied that would limit reuse beyond the license terms.
The license does not affect rights arising from statutory exceptions or limitations (such as fair use), nor does it override rights such as privacy, publicity, or moral rights where applicable.
Author Rights and Responsibilities
Authors retain copyright to their work. By publishing in this journal, authors agree to license their article under CC BY 4.0 and confirm that:
- they own or control the copyright in the submitted work;
- the work does not infringe third-party rights;
- permission has been obtained for any third-party material not covered by a compatible open license;
- all reused material is appropriately attributed.
Why CC BY 4.0?
The CC BY 4.0 license:
- ensures maximum dissemination and impact of published research;
- allows reuse, translation, and adaptation of research outputs;
- complies with the requirements of major research funders and institutions;
- supports long-term accessibility and interoperability of scholarly content;
- places authors in full control of attribution while removing unnecessary reuse barriers.
Important Notice
Creative Commons licenses are irrevocable. Once an article is published under CC BY 4.0, the license remains in effect for the duration of copyright protection.